Checked Baggage Basics
Weight limits, prohibited items, fragile handling, and what to do when your bag doesn't arrive.
Checked baggage is more expensive than it used to be, but the rules are more predictable. Knowing how airlines handle weight, fragility, and delays saves both cost and stress.
Weight and size limits
23 kg (50 lb) is the standard economy allowance on long-haul. Business class typically doubles this to 32 kg per bag with two bags. On short-haul European flights, the base allowance is often zero, with 15 or 20 kg bags sold as add-ons.
Overweight charges are steep. Going from 23 to 24 kg on Delta can cost 100 dollars. On BA long-haul, it's 65 pounds. Repacking at the counter is free and takes 2 minutes.
What can't go in checked baggage
Lithium batteries above certain watt-hours - which includes most power banks and spare laptop batteries - must fly in cabin baggage only. Aerosols, matches beyond a small personal book, and any e-cigarettes are also cabin only or prohibited.
Valuables, medication, and travel documents should always be in cabin baggage. Airlines are not liable for cash, jewellery, or electronics packed in a checked bag.
If your bag is delayed or lost
Report it before leaving the airport at the baggage services desk. You'll get a PIR - Property Irregularity Report - with a reference number that you use to track the bag.
Under the Montreal Convention, airlines are liable up to about 1,780 USD per passenger for delayed or lost baggage on international flights. Keep receipts for essential purchases while your bag is missing - toiletries, a change of clothes.
Frequently asked questions
Can I lock my checked bag?
Yes with a TSA-approved lock. Standard locks may be cut by security if inspection is needed.
What if my bag arrives damaged?
Report at the airport before leaving. Airlines usually repair or replace up to the same convention limits.
In summary
If you take one thing from this guide, it's this: the more prepared you are before you travel, the fewer decisions you have to make when you're tired and jet-lagged. Bookmark this page and check the update date before your next trip.
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